Research Article
Open Access
Phytochemical Characterisation and In Vitro Evaluation of the Analgesic Potential of Gbefun Super Bitters
Abstract
Inequities in access to medicines, vaccines and health technologies continue to remains a major challenge in global health governance, majorly in the Global South. The present study underscores the importance of global health diplomacy as a contributor to inequity in access to health services on an international scale by drawing parallels between the HIV/AIDS epidemic and the COVID-19 pandemic. The methodology employed in this study is qualitative comparative case study design that is a methodology in which documentary evidence is used in the form of peer-reviewed articles, academic books, international organizations' policy documents and reports. Theories: Dependency Theory and Liberal institutionalism. These two theories will be used to examine the impact of structural inequalities and global partnerships on global health outcomes.
Findings show that global health diplomacy has facilitated global cooperation, resource mobilization and institutional response to big health crises.However, the disparities in drug production, patents and technologies, and geopolitical power are still important drivers of access. During the HIV/AIDS pandemic in many Global South countries, there was a restriction of access to antiretroviral (ARV) drugs due to patent barriers and high treatment costs. COVID-19 pandemic also highlighted inequalities in vaccine nationalism, inequitable vaccine procurement processes and limited technology transfer.
WHO, UNAIDS, the Global Fund and COVAX were active in improving relations, but had limited capacity to ensure equitable distribution. The study finds the need for improved technology transfer systems, increased pharmaceutical manufacturing capacities, increased IP action and increased accountability within the global health institutions to move the agenda forward on international health equity.
Keywords
Gbefun super bitters; phytochemicals; gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; GC–MS; cyclooxygenase inhibition; analgesic activity; polyherbal formulation.
References
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Kpomah, E. D., & Owo, G. J. (2024). Therapeutic Potential of Methanolic Stem Extract of Costus afer on Serum Uric Acid, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Levels in Monosodium Urate (MSU)-Induced. Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 26(11), 45-54. https://doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2024/v26i11724
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