Research Article
Open Access
Intra-Urban Analysis of the State of Residential Housing in Lokoja, Nigeria
Abstract
The study is an inur-urban analysis of state of housing with a focus on degeneration and quality in selected Residential densities in Lokoja, Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique was first adopted to select two quarters each in the high (Adankolo and Lokongoma) and low (Sarki-noma and Zone 8) densities residential areas in Lokoja. Systematic method was adopted to select 400. household heads for questionnaire administration. Primary data were collected and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. A 3-ponts Likert scale was used to classify responses which were further subjected to students’ T-test to ccompare housing quality and housing degeneration among the High and Low Density Residential areas. The findings showed that prominent housing degeneration observable in the study area were felt in terms of the conditions of housing facilities and were accepted because their Mean Weighted Value (MWV) were more than the Grand Mean Weighted Value (GMWV) of 2.16 for high residential areas and 2.35 for low residential areas. At p=0.05 and df =18, the Calculated t-Value = 6.154 while the Tabulated t-Value is 1.725. Since the Calculated t-Value 6.154 is greater than the Tabulated t-Value =1.725. Ho is rejected. That is, there is significant difference in housing degeneration between High Density Residential area (Adankolo and Lokongoma) and Low Density Residential area (Sarki-Noma and Zone 8) in the study area. Based on respondents’ perception which were retrieved from information of questionnaires administered to respondents. The result showed they have problem of poor drainage system and poor waste disposal facility which has pollution effect on the environment and health of residents in the study area. It could be concluded based on findings in the study that the level of housing degeneration in the study area is more prominent in high residential district than in low residential district. Recommendations made was that more priority should be given to housing improvement in the high density zone than the low density zone.
Keywords
Intra-urban analysis, housing quality, degeneration, residential areas
References
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Addo, A.I. (2013). Assessing Residential Satisfaction among Low Income Households in Multi habited Dwellings in selected low Income Communities in Accra: policy review. Urban Standard Journal.5 (4), 1- 20.
Adeleye, O., A, Azeez, T. O. & Yusuff, I. O. (2014). Perception of Housing Quality by Residents and Non Residents of Ibara Housing Estate, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria,American Journal of Human Ecology, 3(3), 35-42.
Adetunji, M.A. & Isah I.O. (2015). Urban housing quality and its health implications in Lokoja, Nigeria. Pp. 570-578.
Adewale,O. Y., Olabisi. O.A. & Babawale. A.A. (2015). An assessment of housing and neighborhood quality condition in Ilesa, Nigeria. Pp 242-252.
Adewale, Y., Olabisi, A. & and Olawunmi, Y. (2018). Assessment of Housing Quality in Ede, Nigeria. Asian Themes in Social Sciences Research, 1(2), 76-83.
Agabi, J., & Odekunle, F. (2014). Housing Quality of residential neighborhoods in Nigeria. Focus on low residential areas of Birrnin Kebbi, Kebbi State. Covenant Journal of Research in the Built Environment (CJRBE). 2(2), 140-156.
Agboola, S. B. (1998). The housing of Nigerians: a review of policy development and implementation. Research Report, (14), Ibadan: Development Policy Centre. Pp.92-97.
Amao, F.L. (2012). Housing quality in formal settlements and urban upgrading in Ibadan, Nigeria. International Knowledge Sharing Platform Journal and Books Hosting Conference and Workshops Solution, 2(10), 69-78.
Anofojie, A. E., Adeleye, O. A. & Kadiri, M. A. (2014). Housing quality assessment in selected public residential estates in Amuwo-Odofin L.G.A, Lagos, Nigeria. International Journal of Research in Earth &
Environmental Sciences, 2(6), 2311-2484.
Aribigbola, A. (2010). Rational choice model and housing decisions in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Studies, 1 (1), 53-63.
Bradley, R.H. & Putnick, D.L. (2012). Housing quality and access to material and learning resources within the home environment in developing countries. Child Development, 83(1), 76-91.
Dimuna, K. O. & Omatsone, M. E. (2010). Regeneration in Nigeria urban built environment. Human Ecology, 29(2), 141- 149.
Emankhu, Sunday .E. & Ubangari, A. Y. (2015). Analysis of housing quality in the peripheral area of Lafia, town. International Journal of Geography and Regional Planning Research, 1(3), 9-17.
Foluso, C. & Afolabi, F. (2017). Assessment of housing quality in urban core of Ado- Ekiti, Nigeria. Journal of Civill and Environmental Research, 9(7), 2225-2514.
Foluso, C.A., Albert, B.A., Muyiwa, L.A., Francis, O.O., Sunday, U.Y. & Folahan, D.A.(2023): Assessment of the relationship between housing quality and income in urbanizingcity of Ado –Ekiti, Nigeria.World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 18(02), 969-978.
Funmilayo, A. & Michael, A. (2018). Assessment of housing quality in Ibeju-Lekki peri-urban settlement, Lagos State, Nigeria. Journal of Home, 25(1), 126-151.
Hataminejad, H., Yazdi, H.P & Hosseinnejad, M.R. (2014). Analysis of the Local Characteristics of Informal Settlements and how to Deal with these Settlements in the Neighborhood of Mashhad Abkuh. Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management Journal, 2(4), 219-230.
Ifatimehin, O.O. (2014). Application of Remotely-sensed Data for Modeling Malaria Infection in Lokoja, Nigeria. International Journal of Tropical Disease and Health, 4 (6), 101-105.
Ishola,A.Gokay,D. &Huda,S.(2023). The challenges in providing affordable housing in Nigeria and the adequate sustainable approaches for addressing them.13 (3), 2165-3925.
Jelili, M.O. Adedibu, A.A. & Ayinla, A.K. (2006). Planning Implications of Housing Redevelopment in Residential Areas of Ogbomoso, Nigeria: a pilot study”. Journal of Human Ecology, Kamla-Raj Enterprises, Delhi, India, 20(3), 273- 277.
Jiboye, A. D. (2011). Urbanization challenges and housing delivery in Nigeria: The need for an effective Policy framework for Sustainable Development. International Review of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2(1), 176-185.
Kabir, B., & Bustani, S. A. (2010). A Review of Housing Delivery Efforts in Nigeria. Department of Building Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Retrieved from http:// www.gla.ac.ul/media. [Assessed April, 3, 2012].
Lanrewaju, A. (2012). Urbanization, housing quality and environmental degeneration in Nigeria. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 5(16), 422–429.
Lewin, A.C. (1981).Housing Co-operatives in Developing Countries, John Wiley and Sons, New York. International Technology Publications Ltd.1 (20), 15-26.
Magigi, W & Majani, B .B. (2006). Community involvement in land regulation for informal settlements in Tanzania: A strategy for enhancing security of tenure in residential neighbourhood. Habitat International, 30, 1066-1081.
Makinwa, A. P.K. (1988). Upgrading and Urban Squatter Settlement in Nigeria: the experiment (Eds.) Urban Services in Developing Countries. 175-194.
Muhammad, M. S., Kasim, R., Martin, D., Mohammed, M. I. & Adamu, D. (2015). Housing Quality in Segregated Residential Neighbourhoods in Bauchi Metropolis. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications. 5(11) 432-440, 2250-3153.
National Housing Policy (NPC), (2006). Sustainability policy Retrieved from: http://www.housingcorp.gov.uk. [Assessed March, 5, 2009].
National Housing Policy, (2012). Sustainable Housing for Sustainable cities: A policy framework for developing countries. Rerieved from: http://www.housingcorp.gov.uk. [Assessed October, 10, 2017].
Okonkwo,M.M. & Agbonome,P.C.(2012). Identifying and Housing of the Urban Poor in Nigeria. : Adequacy of the FEDUP Approach. Journal of the Nigerian Institute of Architects, Enugu State Chapter, 2(2), pp.1-13.
Olotuah, A.O. (2006). Housing Quality in Suburban Areas: An empirical study of Oba – Ile, Nigeria, DimensiTeknik Arsitektur, 34(2), 133-137.
Omole, F.K. (2000). Urban renewal process issues and strategies; Concept books and publication Sunmola, R.A (2018): Flooding and Flood Menace in Akure. A PhD Thesis submitted to the Department of Geography and Planning Sciences. Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State Nigeria.
Štreimikiene, D. (2014). Housing indicators for assessing quality of life in Lithuania. Intellectual Economics, 8(1), 25-41company Nigeria. Limited, Lagos, Nigeria.
UN-HABITAT, (2010). The State of African Cities 2010 Governance, Inequality, Urban Land Markets, Nairobi: United Nations Centre for Human Settlements Programme. 3 -4 April. Retrieved from http://www.unhabitat.org. (Assessed, October 10, 2018).
Wahab, K.A., Adedokun L.A. & Onibokun A.G. (1990). Urban Housing Conditions, Urban Housing in Nigeria. (Ed) NISER, Ibadan, pp. 144-173.
Yoade, A.O. (2012). A Study of Socio-Cultural Challenges to Urban Renewal in Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Thesis for the master of Urban and Regional Planning, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.